Oligonucleotide primers were designed and successfully applied to amplify DNA fragments of dNDP-glucose dehydratase genes from actinomycete species producing natural compounds which contain deoxysugar moieties. The deduced amino acid sequence of the isolated fragments revealed similarity to known dNDP-glucose dehydratases. A phylogeny for the deduced proteins of the obtained fragments and for dNDP-glucose dehydratases described in the data bases was constructed. dNDP-glucose dehydratases from actinomycetes were more related to each other than to dehydratases from species of other orders. The phylogenetic analysis also revealed a close relation between dehydratases from strains producing natural compounds with similar deoxysugar moieties.