Purpose: Magnetic separation of microbes can be an effective tool for pathogen identification and diagnostic applications to reduce the time needed for sample preparation. After peptide functionalization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with an appropriate interface, they can be used for the separation of sepsis-associated yeasts like Candida albicans. Due to their magnetic properties, the magnetic extraction of the particles in the presence of an external magnetic field ensures the accumulation of the targeted yeast.

Materials and methods: In this study, we used SPIONs coated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and functionalized with a peptide originating from GP340 (SPION-APTES-Pep). For the first time, we investigate whether this system is suitable for the separation and enrichment of Candida albicans, we investigated its physicochemical properties and by thermogravimetric analysis we determined the amount of peptide on the SPIONs. Further, the toxicological profile was evaluated by recording cell cycle and DNA degradation. The separation efficiency was investigated using Candida albicans in different experimental settings, and regrowth experiments were carried out to show the use of SPION-APTES-Pep as a sample preparation method for the identification of fungal infections.

Conclusion: SPION-APTES-Pep can magnetically remove more than 80% of the microorganism and with a high selective host-pathogen distinction Candida albicans from water-based media and about 55% in blood after 8 minutes processing without compromising effects on the cell cycle of human blood cells. Moreover, the separated fungal cells could be regrown without any restrictions.

This study investigates the potential benefits and drawbacks of adding hydrogen to natural
gas grids on stationary cogeneration plants. Fuel blended with up to 30% hydrogen by
volume was tested using a commercial six-cylinder spark ignition engine designed for pure
natural gas operation without modifications to the engine. In line with normal practice for
cogeneration plant engines, the power output, the lower heating value of the air/fuel
mixture, the ignition timing and the engine speed were held constant. Results show that
increasing hydrogen concentration led to an earlier peak cylinder pressure, indicating
significantly accelerated combustion. As a result, peak pressures were up to 39% higher
than with natural gas and up to 10% of fuel burned before top dead center. Despite this,
thermal efficiency improved up to 6%. Cycle-by-cycle variation decreased by half, indi-
cating reduced misfires on account of hydrogen. However, nitrogen oxide emissions
increased exponentially with increasing hydrogen amounts. Our findings suggest that
hydrogen-enriched natural gas is a promising fuel for stationary cogeneration plants, but
modifications to engine control settings are necessary to ensure optimal performance and
compliance with nitrogen oxide emission regulations. These modifications might include
adjustments to the mixture control system and ignition timing.

Ambidextrie im Innovationsmanagement bezieht sich auf die Fähigkeit eines Unternehmens, sowohl das Kerngeschäft zu stärken (Exploit) als auch mit neuen Angeboten in bestehenden oder neuen Märkten zu agieren (Explore). Dabei besteht die Herausforderung darin, beide Innovationsmodi in einer komplementären Art und Weise einzusetzen, anstatt sich auf einen der beiden Modi zu beschränken. Eine ambidextre Ausrichtung und die Fähigkeit, beide Innovationsmodi, Exploit und Explore, gleichzeitig und in dem Maß einzusetzen, das die Umstände erfordern, ermöglicht es Unternehmen, schnell auf Veränderungen in der Branche zu reagieren und sich langfristig im Markt zu behaupten. Für eine erfolgreiche Umsetzung von Ambidextrie im Innovationsmanagement spielen die Unternehmenskultur, der Führungsstil resp. das Führungsverständnis ebenso eine Rolle, wie Grundsatzentscheidungen in Bezug auf die Digitalisierung. Es ist entscheidend, dass Unternehmen die Potenziale von Ambidextrie erkennen und lernen, den Exploit- und Explore-Modus gezielt und optimal einzusetzen, um langfristig Wettbewerbsvorteile zu erzielen. Dieser Grundlagenartikel fokussiert insbesondere auf die im weiteren Heft weniger angesprochenen Themenbereiche. Er ordnet die Ambidextrie im Innovationsmanagement anhand der Themenfelder Kultur, Führung und Digitalisierung ein und liefert Argumente, weshalb die Akzeptanz und Nutzung von Ambidextrie zu Wettbewerbsvorteilen führen.

Industrial requirements to design high quality products in shorter and shorter times impose the use of numerical models
to estimate the geometrical deviations of these products, which are assemblies, starting from the geometrical deviations
of their components. Numerical models may support this estimation activity, thus reducing the time to market and the
design costs.
The free-body model is an interesting numerical method to translate the tolerance chain into a static problem solved by
algebraic or graphical procedures by using the free-body diagrams of force analysis. This work presents a free-body
model that is able to deal with dimensional and geometrical tolerances that involve translations of the features to which
the tolerances are applied. Moreover, it validates the free-body model for tolerance analysis of rigid parts by defining and
solving a case study through numerical and experimental activities. The present work uses a case study to demonstrate
the effectiveness of the free-body model by underlining that the experimental results obtained are very close to those
from the numerical model.

Introduction: Moral courage manifests in acts intended to intervene to stopor redress witnessed moral norm violations, despite the risk of negative conse-quences for the intervener. We investigate moral courage in everyday life and askwhat personality processes are involved. Based on an extended process modelof moral courage, we derived hypotheses on cognitive and emotional processesthat should facilitate or hinder intervention. Further, we identified candidate per-sonality dispositions that should shape these processes and thereby predict whotends to intervene against others' norm violations and who does not.Methods: Using a quota-based sample of the German population (N = 1108), weconducted a personality assessment, followed by a 7-day experience samplingduring which participants reported norm violations witnessed in their daily lifeas well as their cognitive, emotional, and behavioral reactions.Results: In total, 678 participants reported 1965 norm violations and intervenedagainst 32% of them. Dispositional self-efficacy facilitated intervention by increas-ing a sense of efficacy when confronted with others' norm violations. Conversely,dispositional moral disengagement hindered intervention by reducing perceivedown responsibility.Discussion: Our findings provide novel insights into the situations affordingmoral courage in everyday life, and the personality processes that uniquely guidethis behavior.

Metacognitive monitoring is conceptualized as a situation-specific and context-dependent process that helps learners to regulate their learning. The current study builds on the idea that metacognitive monitoring can fulfil monitoring functions in different phases (when to monitor: during learning or during testing), and that it refers to several objects (what to monitor: processing or retrieval). The cross-sectional study with 184 higher-education students used a situation-specific approach and referred to students’ monitoring via monitoring strategies and monitoring judgments during test preparation and test processing. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that monitoring via strategies and judgments can be directed at different objects. In addition, monitoring different objects was more strongly correlated within the same phase than across different phases. The study results emphasize the need for an object-specific and comprehensive consideration of metacognitive monitoring via monitoring strategies and monitoring judgments.

Entrepreneurship in the form of business foundations, especially start-ups, drives progress and innovation on many levels. They are currently one of the critical drivers of economic prosperity in our society. More and more economic policy measures are aimed at promoting just this. However, strong regional differences are observed in start-up activity. Thus, the support of start-ups and the development of so-called entrepreneurial ecosystems are also playing an increasingly important role in economic and regional policy. It is necessary to look at each region singularly, to identify particularities, and to determine the needs of regional actors to derive suitable measures for establishing such an ecosystem. This article examines an exemplary region for specific determinants by applying a start-up ecosystem model. Strengths, weaknesses, and potentials of the business location about its framework conditions for start-ups are identified in two group interviews (founders and supporting institutions). The results show that the numerous interactions of a start-up ecosystem are not sufficiently targeted and efficiently managed in the current structures and that relevant actors perceive the effectiveness of ecosystem elements and support measures in a differentiated manner. The study was able to provide insights for future start-up and innovation policy measures and interventions in the region studied and are thus intended to serve methodologically as a role model for the analysis of other regional start-up ecosystems.

In recent years the interest in finding new shape memory polymers has increased. Withal, fewer studies approached the use of regular materials such as polyethene terephthalate (PET), a widely available material. The research investigated the shape memory characteristics of regular PET 3D printed samples in two testing cycles. The recovery temperature was determined through dynamical mechanical, followed by tensile testing and heat treatment of the specimens. The results show PET has good shape memory properties, recording a slight increase in shape recovery during the second testing cycle without affecting the sample integrity. The thermal analysis of the recovered material shows that heat treatment time or/and temperature need to be improved to stabilise the PET material structure.