Empirische Rechtswissenschaft im Fokus: Dieses Buch bietet einen fundierten Überblick über Stand und Perspektiven interdisziplinärer Rechtswissenschaften. Von Verfassungs-, Europa-, Kartell- und Strafrecht über richterliches Entscheidungsverhalten bis hin zu Fragen von Politikberatung, Arbeitsmärkten und Gemeinschaftsgütern entfalten die Beiträge ein breites thematisches Spektrum. Zugleich zeigen sie, wie Verhaltenswissenschaften, datengetriebene Methoden und Künstliche Intelligenz unser Verständnis des Rechts vertiefen und verändern. Sie zeichnen dabei auch das Wirken von Christoph Engel, Direktor am Max-Planck-Institut zur Erforschung von Gemeinschaftsgütern, nach. 

While forests are known to increase turbulence and fatigue loads on wind turbines, the impact of smaller-scale vegetation such as tree rows has received limited attention. This study investigates speed-up effects caused by a tree row and their influence on wind turbine power and blade loads using Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) and OpenFAST. A realistically modeled tree row at the Risø campus is considered, including seasonal variations in leaf area index (LAI). The simulations reveal a speed-up region above the canopy, leading to a relative power increase of approximately 6% for the high-LAI case and about half that value for the low-LAI case. Aeroelastic simulations with the NREL 5 MW wind turbine confirm the power increase and show a rise in flapwise blade root bending loads. Second-order statistics within the rotor plane remain largely unchanged, indicating that the load increase is driven by mean flow acceleration rather than turbulence. These results demonstrate that tree rows can increase power and highlight the influence of local vegetation in wind turbine siting.

Background:
While border screening measures were widely adopted by countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, a lack of consensus on the utility of border screening created a gap in best practice for its implementation. As such, countries adopted a diversity of approaches, providing an opportunity to evaluate the configuration and evolution of border screening systems. The
article addresses three questions: (i) how did countries configure their border screeningsystems for COVID-19? (ii) In what contexts did countries rely on public or private providers of these services? (iii) what do policies and narratives reveal about the perceived role of border screening in global public health? The article contributes to long-standing debates over the
private sector’s role in public health and the perceived value of border screening measures.

Methods:
This article presents results from an international comparative study based on tracking the organisation of border screening in eight countries. Secondary data was collected between  July 2021 – June 2022 from official government websites and policy publications, private sector sources where relevant, and trusted media sources in each study country. The
countries included are Australia, Canada, Germany, Ireland, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, and the United Kingdom.

Results:
All study countries used private provision for pre-departure diagnostic testing for international travellers. In contrast, screening of arriving travellers was more diverse. Countries that opted for private sector post-arrival screening saw governance challenges around accreditation and monitoring of providers, while public service provision saw challenges in capacity and high
resource costs. Travel was often framed as a ‘luxury,’ allowing states to shift responsibility for obtaining tests onto individuals; especially in the context of individuals travelling from low income to high income countries.

Conclusions:
The different approaches countries followed for screening of departing and incoming travellers suggests wealthy countries were more oriented towards defending their populations against disease importation, rather protecting the international community from disease exportation. These findings provide an opportunity to reflect on the purpose and
implementation of border screening. We emphasise a need for further discussion on the efficacy of border screening from both perspectives, given the tendency for countries to rely on these measures

In today’s fast-paced digital environment, it is essential for marketing professionals to allocate advertising budgets efficiently and maximize return on investment. By leveraging machine learning, particularly regression trees, key success metrics such as cost per click in online advertising campaigns can be predicted and optimized, enabling more effective budgeting decisions in marketing performance optimization. Showcasing a practical use case with a synthetic data set, this study outlines the relevant phases in applying ML to campaign optimization and demonstrates that the advantages of regression trees lie in their transparency and interpretability. Compared to more complex AI models, the results of regression trees are easier for managers to understand and translate into concrete actions. For instance, the models help managers to understand ad effectiveness of specific ad design and campaign decisions before they run costly live tests on ad platforms. Furthermore, the models allow for lean analysis of ad effectiveness across platforms. Finally, they allow capturing nonlinear effects of ad design and campaign decisions on ad effectiveness, thus avoiding overly simplistic analysis results. Therefore, this study shows the application of regression trees, as step-by-step guide for managers and actionable implications, especially for small- and medium sized enterprises adopting AI in marketing.

What characterizes individuals who stand up and take action against violations of fundamental moral principles, even in the face of personal risk and adversity? Due to methodological and ethical challenges, we are limited in our understanding of personality dispositions that predict who acts morally courageously in situations of severe wrongdoings and considerable risk. In Germany and Austria, we recruited recipients of public awards for outstanding moral courage (n = 54) and individuals who nominated themselves to have acted morally courageously (n = 48). We contrasted these morally courageous individuals with a demographically matched reference group of people who reported not to have acted morally courageously before (n = 323), and with normative samples of the German population. Results showed three key patterns: First, among the HEXACO personality factors, heightened extraversion consistently distinguished the morally courageous groups from the reference group. Second, membership in the morally courageous groups was predicted by heightened moral attentiveness and anger proneness, and lowered endorsement of loyalty and authority, indicating exceptional moral functioning of the morally courageous. Third, the morally courageous were characterized by diminished risk avoidance and social anxiety, suggesting that they encounter a lower psychological barrier posed by fear of negative social evaluation.

Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) ist unverzichtbar im modernen Marketing und dient zunehmend als strategischer Wettbewerbsvorteil in innovationsgetriebenen Branchen. Das Interesse an generativer KI wächst auch in der Marketinginnovation. Marketer nutzen zunehmend Sprachmodelle (Large Language Models, LLMs) wie ChatGPT, um Kreativität, Geschwindigkeit und Effizienz zu steigern. Die Forschung zur Schnittstelle von generativer KI und Marketing ist bislang fragmentiert und meist auf spezifische Anwendungsfälle fokussiert. Es fehlt ein ganzheitlicher Ansatz, der den Einsatz generativer KI über den gesamten Marketinginnovationsprozess systematisch analysiert. In einem systematischem Literaturüberblick zeigt dieser Beitrag Potenziale und Herausforderungen auf und demonstriert, dass KI in allen Innovationsphasen einsetzbar ist und dabei drei Rolle einnehmen kann: als Unterstützer, als Erweiterung oder als eigenständiger Akteur, mit entscheidendem Einfluss auf Innovationsprozesse.

zusätzlich: https://kronachleuchtet.com/portfolio-archive/11-2026-video-kunst-frisch-von-der-hochschule-i/

Abstract

Alkoholkonsum zählt zu den bedeutendsten gesundheitsbezogenen Risikoverhaltensweisen, insbesondere unter jungen Erwachsenen. Die Wirksamkeit von Präventions- und Interventionsmaßnahmen hängt jedoch maßgeblich davon ab, die Zielgruppe und deren Motivation zu verstehen. Der vorliegende Beitrag identifiziert Mechanismen, die junge Erwachsene bei der Umsetzung einer bewussten Verhaltensänderung ihres Alkoholkonsums beeinflussen. Eine quantitative Studie unter 102 18-34-Jährigen zeigt, das die Problemrealisation und intrinsische Gründe zur Konsumänderung die kritische Selbstreflexion fördern, während extrinsische Gründe hemmend wirken. Negative Erlebnisse aufgrund von Alkoholkonsum wie Erinnerungslücken oder Kontrollverlust verstärken die Reflexion, während Schuldgefühle sie abschwächen. Die Befunde bestätigen, dass das Erkennen problematischer Trinkgewohnheiten eine kritische Selbstreflexion fördert, die wiederum mit einer aktiven Verhaltensänderung verbunden ist. Gleichsam zeigt sich, dass emotionale Reaktionen wie Schuldgefühle den Reflexionsprozess eher behindern als fördern können. Damit ist eine Differenzierung kognitiver und emotionaler Mechanismen nötig, um zu verstehen, wie Problembewusstsein für ungesunde Verhaltensweisen in aktive Verhaltensänderung überführt wird. Die Befunde liefern Implikationen für zielgruppenorientierte Präventionskampagnen und weisen auf die Bedeutung intrapersonaler Prozesse bei der Alkoholreduktion junger Erwachsener hin.

Immer mehr Menschen nutzen Sport-Tracking-Apps zur Überwachung ihres Trainings und zum sozialen Vergleich mit anderen. Sowohl leistungsbezogene Vergleichsprozesse als auch die User Experience der App können die Sportmotivation jedoch ambivalent beeinflussen: Während einige Nutzende durch Vernetzung und Feedback zusätzliche Motivation erfahren, erleben andere sozialen Druck und Demotivation. Diese widersprüchlichen Effekte sind für die nachhaltige Aufrechterhaltung sportlicher Aktivität von zentraler Bedeutung. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht den Einfluss von Selbstwirksamkeit und sozialem Vergleich sowie von UX-induziertem Kompetenz- und Beziehungserleben auf intrinsische und extrinsische Sportmotivation und deren Zusammenhang mit subjektivem Wohlbefinden. Eine quantitative Studie mit 101 Nutzenden von Sport-Tracking-Apps zeigt, dass soziale Vergleiche vor allem extrinsische Motivation fördern, während intrinsische Motivation unbeeinflusst bleibt. Selbstwirksamkeit hingegen stärkt intrinsische Motivation und reduziert extrinsische Regulation. Auch ein positives Kompetenzerleben im Nutzungskontext wirkt motivationsfördernd. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die differenzierten Effekte psychologischer und UX-bezogener Faktoren und zeigen, dass intrapersonelle Ressourcen einen größeren Beitrag zur Sportmotivation leisten als gestalterische App-Merkmale. Damit wird deutlich, dass für digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen nicht allein das Interface-Design, sondern insbesondere individuelle Dispositionen entscheidend für sportbezogene Verhaltensintentionen sind.

This open access book offers a comprehensive exploration of digital health and care, addressing the profound transformations driven by digital technologies in the healthcare sector. It serves as a vital resource for understanding the evolution, impact and future directions of digital health innovations, providing readers with in-depth knowledge of regulatory frameworks, adoption strategies and patient-centric approaches. Drawing on perspectives from hospital care, ambulatory services, and long-term care, the book offers practical insights into implementation strategies, organizational change, and sector-specific challenges.

Digital health technologies are advancing rapidly and are beginning to reshape how care is accessed, delivered, and financed, creating new possibilities for more timely, patient-centered, and resilient health systems. At the same time, their large-scale adoption is constrained by persistent barriers such as unequal access and digital literacy, unresolved questions around data privacy, security and ownership, limited interoperability between fragmented systems, cultural resistance within organizations, and uncertain reimbursement and sustainability models. This chapter offers a concise map of this landscape by outlining key challenges, including the digital divide, governance of health data, integration and interoperability, change management, “pilotitis,” and ethical risks, as well as major opportunities, from AI-enabled decision support and personalized medicine to real-time analytics, value-based care, and gamified approaches to engagement. It also highlights how these issues intersect across regulatory frameworks, implementation strategies, equity considerations, and emerging innovation paradigms discussed in later chapters. It argues that the same technologies that can deepen fragmentation and inequity, if poorly governed, can also be harnessed through deliberate policy, design, and business models to generate durable, system-wide benefits.

German universities of Applied Sciences face declining student numbers and a growing shortage of skilled professionals in technical fields, prompting institutions in Bavaria to increasingly recruit international students, many of them from India. While this strategy stabilizes enrolment and supports national goals for securing a future workforce, it also introduces substantial challenges for teaching staff, administration, and students alike. Many incoming students bring competency profiles shaped by non-European higher-education systems, often marked by a strong emphasis on reproductive learning and limited experience with independent research, critical reflection, and scientific writing. High expectations of German master’s programs, combined with linguistic and cultural barriers, contribute to lower retention rates among international students and create additional burdens on teaching staff.

Drawing on experiences from four international master’s programs at Ansbach University of Applied Sciences, the paper analyses typical difficulties and evaluates measures designed to improve integration, academic success, and study conditions. Programs composed almost exclusively of Indian students tend to reproduce culturally homogeneous learning environments, which limit intercultural exchange, hinder discursive teaching formats, and reinforce established learning habits. In contrast, heterogeneously composed cohorts show better interaction, stronger language development, and improved academic performance. To counteract homogeneity, targeted interventions such as international poster sessions, mixed laboratory groups, and joint courses between German- and English-taught programs were introduced with positive but context-dependent outcomes.

Major challenges arise in the areas of scientific practice, rule compliance, and the unreflected use of AI tools, often rooted in a lack of prior exposure to principles of good scientific practice. The university responded with measures such as training units on academic integrity, adapted assessment formats emphasizing transfer performance, and workshops on literature research and academic writing. Additional structural factors such as particularly limited access to affordable local housing, negatively affect class attendance. Attempts to mitigate this included schedule adaptations to public transport and the introduction of block courses with mandatory practical components.

The paper concludes that successful internationalization requires more than English-language programs. It demands comprehensive support structures, including language training, intercultural competence development for staff, and institutional services tailored to international students’ needs. Given the intensive advising workload, smaller learning groups and recognition of international teaching efforts in workload models are essential. Only through sustained institutional commitment, adequate resources, and openness on all sides can internationalization efforts translate into improved learning outcomes and long-term integration.